Modelling of chromatic contrast for retrieval of wallpaper images

Colour remains one of the key factors in presenting an object and, consequently, has been widely applied in retrieval of images based on their visual contents. However, a colour appearance changes with the change of viewing surroundings, the phenomenon that has not been paid attention yet while performing colour‐based image retrieval. To comprehend this effect, in this article, a chromatic contrast model, CAMcc, is developed for the application of retrieval of colour intensive images, cementing the gap that most of existing colour models lack to fill by taking simultaneous colour contrast into account. Subsequently, the model is applied to the retrieval task on a collection of museum wallpapers of colour‐rich images. In comparison with current popular colour models including CIECAM02, HSI and RGB, with respect to both foreground and background colours, CAMcc appears to outperform the others with retrieved results being closer to query images. In addition, CAMcc focuses more on foreground colours, especially by maintaining the balance between both foreground and background colours, while the rest of existing models take on dominant colours that are perceived the most, usually background tones. Significantly, the contribution of the investigation lies in not only the improvement of the accuracy of colour‐based image retrieval but also the development of colour contrast model that warrants an important place in colour and computer vision theory, leading to deciphering the insight of this age‐old topic of chromatic contrast in colour science. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 40, 361–373, 2015     

Effect of thermal-responsive surfaces based on PNIPAAm on cell adsorption/desorption

Due to the availability and timeliness of autologous cells, the in vitro cultivation and expansion of cells in large scale is very necessary before clinical treatments. However, traditional cell-harvesting methods including machinery scraper and enzymatic method would produce irreversible damage for treated cells. The appearance of intelligent temperature-responsive cell culture surfaces can solve the problem. Therefore this review focuses on the development of temperature-responsive surfaces based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in recent years and the impact on cell adsorption and desorption processes.     

Understanding authors' psychological reactions to peer reviews: a text mining approach

Scientometrics - Peer reviews play a vital role in academic publishing. Authors have various feelings towards peer reviews. This study analyzes the experiences shared by authors in Scirev.org to...     

MoO3 structures transition from nanoflowers to nanorods and their sensing performances

Morphology transformation and crystal growth strategies of metal oxide semiconductors are still extensively studied in material science recently, because the morphology and crystallinity significantly affect the physicochemical characteristics of metal oxide nanomaterials. However, understanding the morphology changes of α-MoO₃ induced by annealing is still a challenge. Herein, the nanostructure transition of α-MoO₃ induced by the annealing temperature is carefully investigated via the XRD and SEM methods. It can be found that crystallization is highly dependent on the annealing temperature. Interestingly, the MoO₃ nanoflowers can change into nanosheets at 500 °C. Afterward, the nanosheets turned into microrods with the increase in annealing temperature due to the continuous growth of MoO₃ crystal. On the other hand, the sensing performances of various MoO₃ nanostructures are studied toward ethanol gas. Compared to the MoO₃ nanoflowers and microrods, the MoO₃ nanosheets-based sensor exhibits superior sensing performance to ethanol, and the maximum response value is 8.06.

     

Urban expansion modeling using an enhanced decision tree algorithm

Decision tree (DT) algorithms have been applied for classification and change detection in various geospatial studies and more recently, for urban expansion and land use/land cover (LULC) change modeling. However, these studies have not elaborated on specification of DT algorithms regarding data sampling, predictor variables, model configuration, and model evaluation. The focus of this study is to explore several balanced and unbalanced sampling methods, various predictor variables, different configurations of stopping rules, and reliable evaluation metrics to enhance the performance of classification and regression tree (CART), one of the most efficacious DT algorithms, for urban expansion modeling. The implementation of the model in the Triangle Region, North Carolina (NC) State, over the period of 2001 to 2011 demonstrates a striking performance with the training accuracy of 97%, the testing accuracy of 94%, and the Kappa value of 0.80. This performance was achieved using a training dataset containing all changed land cells and three times of that randomly selected from unchanged land cells and regulating the minimum number of records in a leaf node equal to 1, the minimum number of records in a parent node equal to 2, and the value of 10,000 for the maximum number of splits. The CART DT algorithm indicates that proximity to built areas, proximity to highways, current LULC type, elevation, and distance to water bodies are the most significant predictor variables for the urban expansion prediction in the study area.

     

我国现状能源与水纽带关系定量识别

以省级行政区为研究对象,以2017年为研究时段,分析我国社会水循环过程耗能及电力生产耗水。结果显示:2017年我国社会水循环过程耗电总量为10 828.1亿kW·h,占当年我国全社会用电总量的17.2%,终端用水是最大的耗能环节;2017年我国电力生产过程耗水量为65.7亿m~3,占当年全社会耗水总量的2%;火电是我国最耗水的电源,其耗水量占全国电力开发耗水总量的78%。基于计算结果,提出了实现能源-水协同安全的相关建议。     

Allosteric p97 Inhibitors Can Overcome Resistance to ATP-Competitive p97 Inhibitors for Potential Anticancer Therapy

Abstract : A major challenge of targeted cancer therapy is the selection for drug-resistant mutations in tumor cells leading to loss of treatment effectiveness. p97/VCP is central regulator of protein homeostasis and a promising anticancer target because of its vital role in cell growth and survival. One ATP-competitive p97 inhibitor, CB-5083, has entered clinical trials. Selective pressure on HCT116 cells dosed with CB-5083 identified five different resistant mutants. Identification of p97 inhibitors with different mechanisms of action would offer the potential to overcome this class of resistance mutations. Our results demonstrate that two CB-5083 resistant p97 mutants, N660 K and T688 A, were also resistant to several other ATP-competitive p97 inhibitors, whereas inhibition by two allosteric p97 inhibitors NMS-873 and UPCDC-30245 were unaffected by these mutations. We also established a CB-5083 resistant cell line that harbors a new p97 double mutation (D649 A/T688 A). While CB-5083, NMS-873, and UPCDC-30245 all effectively inhibited proliferation of the parental HCT116 cell line, NMS-873 and UPCDC-30245 were 30-fold more potent in inhibiting the CB-5083 resistant D649 A/T688 A double mutant than CB-5083. Our results suggest that allosteric p97 inhibitors are promising alternatives when resistance to ATP-competitive p97 inhibitors arises during anticancer treatment.     

一种适用于超高速冲压新型产品的冲裁模具结构

为实现超高速模具量产,对经典的U型冲裁结构进行了优化,将原始的分离式U型冲裁和下废料双工位优化为单工位一步式冲裁和下废料工艺,新结构将产品切除和废料切除工位融合到一起,提高了U型凸模的强度、缩短了模具长度、减小了跳废料率,保证了产品质量;新结构在同一工位上同时获得产品且切除废料,无需采用连料方式传送废料,从而缩短了原材料的宽度,降低了材料成本,减少了误送。同时,模具速度从原有的800次·min-1提高到2000次·min-1,实现了超高速的目的,并且该新结构被成功地推广到其他相类似的结构中,实现了技术的互通性。